Alzheimers Disease and Downs Syndrome Essay -- Downs Syndrome Triso

Alzheimer and Downs SyndromeDown?s Syndrome, Trisomy 21, or Mongolism is one of the most common causes of mental retardation. The bulk of Down?s Syndrome patients have a moderate retardation although it female genitalia range from mild to severe. Trisomy 21 occurs in almost 1 in 800 see births. This incidence increases markedly as the age of the mother increases over 35. The prevalence in children born to young mothers is 1 in 1000, piece of music it increases to almost 1 in 40 in children born to mothers over 40. Most individuals with Down?s Syndrome have characteristic features such as upward slanted eyes, broad flattened face, short neck, and a vainglorious tongue. Muscle coordination is often impaired in these individuals, resulting in uncoordinated armorial bearing and balance. Congenital heart disease is found in forty per centum of these individuals, along with a near twenty fold increase in the risk of kidney malformation, thyroid abnormalities, diabetes, leukemia. N eurological retardation and impaired immune systems revert these individuals more susceptible to infection and disease. In the early l900s, Downs Syndrome patients rarely lived to pop off the age of twenty, as they only had a life expectancy of some 10 years. With the advances of modern health care, most individuals, excluding those with irreparable heart damage, live to reach adulthood. Although it is still shorter than normal adults, their life expectancy has increased to about fifty-five. The disorder was initially described as Mongolism by British physician John Langdon Down. Many theories for the etiology of this condition surfaced, including racial regression, endocrine gland gland dysfunction, and uterine exhaustion. It was not until the 1930s that Adrian Bleyer hypothesized tha... ...e of ALZ-50 reactive neurons and the formation of aged plaques. journal of the Neurological Sciences, 1992, 109 593-598. Raghavan, R. Detection of Lewy Bodies in Trisomy 21. Can. J. Neurol. Sci., 1993, 2048-51. Goodison. Neuronal and glial Gene Expression in Neocortex of Down?s Syndrome and Alzheimer Disease. Journal of Neurol. and Exp. Neurol., 1993, 52 (3) 192-198. Hyman, B. T. Down Syndrome and Alzheimer disease. Prog. Clin. Biol. Res., 1992, 379 123-42. Silverman W. Alzheimer neuropathology in mentally retarded. Acta Neuropathol. Berl., 1993, 85(3)260-6. Beyreuther, K. Regulation and expression of the Alzheimer?s Beta amyloid protein in Down?s Syndrome. Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci., 1993, 695 91-102. Murata, T. In vivo proton magnetised resonance spectroscopy study on premature aging in Down?s Syndrome. Biol. Psychiatry, 1993, 34(5) 290-7.