Intelligence Process: Dissemination :: essays research papers

INTELLIGENCE PROCESS DISSEMINATIONOne of the most important steps in the intelligence cycle is deciding who or whom will receive the analysts work. This process is called dispersion. Once completed, the intelligence product has to be able to be passed on to those personnel that meet the requirements of dissemination Right to write out, Need to be, Authority to release. The first requirement of the right to know determines what individuals should discombobulate the information to make intelligence decisions. Access to the final products is mainly centralise towards law enforcement agencies, both federal and state. These agencies are, however, not the exclusive heir to information. In some cases the Department of Family Services whitethorn need to have information on civilians in order to locate offenders or deal with juvenile delinquents. The right to know may also be extended to licensing groups, in order to articulatio genus organized crime. Some examples of non-authorized indu stries are banks, credit bureaus, and employment agencies.The need to know is the second requirement of the dissemination process. Whether part of the law enforcement agency or works outside of the agency, before intelligence information is disclosed, there must be a need to know based on the case that law authorised may be working on. This requirement keeps just anyone from casually browsing through all the classified information that may not pertain to what they have the right to know. The information-seeking agency will need to have proof of needing to know the information, found generally by the case number. Another form of need to know is observed when a background investigation is being conducted on an individual.Once the first two requirements have been satisfied and the right to know and need to know has been established, it is now necessary to determine whether the right to release information to the agency is possible. Many times the information or intelligence may not be possible to release, due to the originating agencies need to have the information keep a secret from the everyone, for example, an undercover agents identity was disclosed. Historically, information is classified at a high level than necessary, so personnel in this type of circumstance are not compromised. If this is the case, than a date should be disclosed as to when this information may be declassified or downgraded to the consumers level.There are two general methods of dissemination. The first type is a distribution list.

Free Siddhartha Essays: Significance of the River :: Hesse Siddhartha Essays

The Significance of the River in Siddhartha In the book Siddhartha by Hermann Hesse the conditional relation of the river is displayed throughout the experiences that Siddhartha has next to the river and the things that by listening to the sound he comes to understand. Siddhartha is learning something from the spot he rides the ferry to the time when Govinda lays on the ground with tears menstruation uncontrollably. Siddhartha admits to having no money to pay for the voyage, but the Ferryman says that friendship is payment enough, and takes him into town. by and by difference town, Siddhartha returns to the river where had met the Ferryman earlier. Intrigued by the rivers beauty and silent wisdom, Siddhartha decides to stay by the river. Siddhartha soon meets the Ferryman Vasuveda, the said(prenominal) man who took him across the river earlier. Siddhartha offers to be Vasuvedas apprentice, an offer that the Ferryman graciously accepts. The two grow in concert as Siddhartha beg ins to learn the rivers wisdom, and soon Siddhartha begins to emulate Vasuvedas demeanor, expressing a contented quietude in the routine of daily life. Years pass. One day, the two Ferrymen hear that the Buddha is dying. Kamala, on hearing the news as well, travels with her give-and-take to be near Goatama. As she passes near the river, she is bitten by a snake and dies, but not before Vasuveda takes her to Siddhartha. After Kamala dies, Siddhartha keeps his son with him by the river. The boy, though, refuses to accept Siddhartha as his father and consequently does slide fastener he is told. Many months pass, but the boy remains intransigent. Eventually the boy runs away. Vasuveda tells Siddhartha to permit him go, but Siddhartha follows him. Upon reaching the town, Siddhartha recalls his own experiences there and admits to himself what he knew all along, that he could not help the boy. Siddhartha feels a great sorrow at this loss, and the happiness he had known as a Ferryman l eaves him. Vasuveda soon arrives and leads the despondent Siddhartha to back to the river. The inconvenience of losing his son was long lasting for Siddhartha. It enabled him, how eer, to identify with ordinary people more than ever before. Though Siddhartha was beginning to understand what wisdom really is, the thought of son did not leave him. One day he sets off in expect of his son, but stops as he heard the river laughing at him.Free Siddhartha Essays Significance of the River Hesse Siddhartha EssaysThe Significance of the River in Siddhartha In the book Siddhartha by Hermann Hesse the significance of the river is displayed throughout the experiences that Siddhartha has next to the river and the things that by listening to the sound he comes to understand. Siddhartha is learning something from the moment he rides the ferry to the time when Govinda lays on the ground with tears flowing uncontrollably. Siddhartha admits to having no money to pay for the voyage, but the Fer ryman says that friendship is payment enough, and takes him into town. After leaving town, Siddhartha returns to the river where had met the Ferryman earlier. Intrigued by the rivers beauty and silent wisdom, Siddhartha decides to stay by the river. Siddhartha soon meets the Ferryman Vasuveda, the same man who took him across the river earlier. Siddhartha offers to be Vasuvedas apprentice, an offer that the Ferryman graciously accepts. The two grow together as Siddhartha begins to learn the rivers wisdom, and soon Siddhartha begins to emulate Vasuvedas demeanor, expressing a contented peace in the routine of daily life. Years pass. One day, the two Ferrymen hear that the Buddha is dying. Kamala, on hearing the news as well, travels with her son to be near Goatama. As she passes near the river, she is bitten by a snake and dies, but not before Vasuveda takes her to Siddhartha. After Kamala dies, Siddhartha keeps his son with him by the river. The boy, though, refuses to accept Siddh artha as his father and consequently does nothing he is told. Many months pass, but the boy remains intransigent. Eventually the boy runs away. Vasuveda tells Siddhartha to let him go, but Siddhartha follows him. Upon reaching the town, Siddhartha recalls his own experiences there and admits to himself what he knew all along, that he could not help the boy. Siddhartha feels a great sorrow at this loss, and the happiness he had known as a Ferryman leaves him. Vasuveda soon arrives and leads the despondent Siddhartha to back to the river. The pain of losing his son was long lasting for Siddhartha. It enabled him, however, to identify with ordinary people more than ever before. Though Siddhartha was beginning to understand what wisdom really is, the thought of son did not leave him. One day he sets off in search of his son, but stops as he heard the river laughing at him.

The Significance of ?Xenia? Essay -- essays research papers

The Significance of Xenia     Ancient Greece is known for its beautiful theaters and its skilled poets. One of the nigh famous ones at that time and famous even now is Homer. Nobody knows who he actually is but the works that he has created atomic number 18 far to a greater extent than magnificent. The Odyssey and The Iliad are ii poems that turned into myths, have actually been accepted as part of the history of the Greeks. The Odyssey is a story about a hero from the fifth column War who struggles to get home to his family and when he finally does he faces the suitors who he fights and defeats with the help of the gods and his son who he hasnt seen for around twenty years. The gradual development of the plot, the actual, ending of the book is easily noticed. A big role in that development plays hospitality or as Homer calls it the xenia. Odysseus journey on his way back to his island Ithaca contains numerous details about hospitality and what it is to be a untroubled or a bad host. His voyage is based on the kindness and the vehemence of the people. There are gods and humans, and giants that do not appreciate the hero but he deals with them and we meet with the actual plot of the story, his homecoming.Warmth and kindness are ease uped indoors every visit described in the book. Homer draws a very good picture of how guests are welcomed, what entertainment they are given and the way they are send on their way. The picture is filled with kindness and warmth. We could say that the kind of hospitality presented in the book is hardly seen today. The different steps of welcoming slightly one are really interesting. The host is bathed and fed right after his arrival no matter who he is. Hosts do not really present the question that identifies their guest until later on, after he has been well rested and entertained. A great example of this is when Telemachos and Athene, in the body of Mentor, visit Nestor. When Nestor sees the two men he has never seen before he has a feast with his sons and companions. In the sight of the strangers they all stand up and greet them. The first issue that is done is to find a place for the two guests on the table and to feed them. When they had satisfied their appetite and thirst, Nestor, the Gerenian charioteer, said Now that our visitors have eaten well, it is the right outcome to put some questions to them and enquire who they are?(Book3line ... ...e, son, and servants they abuse for so long. "You dogs he cried. You never thought to see me back from troy. So you fleeced my household you raped my maids you courted my married woman behind my back though I was alive- with no more fear of the gods in heaven than of the human vengeance that might come. One and all, your fate is sealed.(Book 22, lines 35-40) These are the words of Odysseus, mad with the destruction the suitors have caused to his home. He kills them all, right before they are about to eat. He kills Antinous righ t when he is about to drink from the wine. The suitors do not deserve the food that is being served to them because of their cruelty towards the host ,the hostess and their disloyalty to him and Ithaca The Odyssey is a book that grabs its reader with its story about Odysseus and his final homecoming. There would be no homecoming or he would have been home too late to save his wife and son from the arrogant " suitors if there was not the good hospitality of the people he visits. Everybody Odysseus meets on his way has helped the story progress by their bad or good hospitality. Therefore xenia plays a very of import role in the plot of the story.

I Know Why The Caged Bird Sings :: essays research papers

     Quote      Reaction1     pg. 8 Chap. 1"The sounds of the new morning had been replaced with grumbles about cheating houses, weighted scales, snakes, insufficient cotton and dusty rows. In later years I was to confront the stereotyped picture of gay song-singing cotton pickers with such an inordinate rage that I was told even by fellow blacks that my paranoia was embarrassing. But I had seen the fingers cut by the mean little cotton boils, and I had witnessed the backs and shoulders and arm and legs resisting any further demands."     The enormousness of this quote is real integral to the rest of the book. To be able to criticize something you should have undergo it. This passage shows that Maya has experienced the non-privilege of being a Negro during the thirties, and experienced it at a young age. Maya wrote that she later confronted the stereotype, She had a right to because of her pr evious position.2     pg.14 chap. 2"Bailey and I decided to memorize a scene from The merchandiser of Venice , but realized that Momma would question us about the author and that wed have to tell her that Shakespeare was white, And it wouldnt matter to her whether or not he was dead. So we chose The Creation by James Weldon Johnson "     This excerpt is crucial because it puts yet another facet on segregation. Really the blacks and whiteswere both afraid of each other equally. The only difference was that the whitefolks were in a position to act on those fears.3     pg.25 chap 4."In Stamps the segregation was so complete that most Black children didnt really, absolutely know what whites looked like. former(a) than they were different, to be dreaded, and in that dread was included the hostility of the powerless against the powerful, the poor against the rich, The worker against the worked for, and the ragged aga inst the well dressed. I remember never believing that whites were really real."     The first line really does a good job of summing up the situation in Stamps but the key section of this quotation is the very croak line. "I remember never believing that whites were really real." This statement really makes the whole situation clear in that it really brings home how someone jakes think that an entire race of people dont exist.4     pg.48 chap 7"The judge asked that Mrs. Henderson be subpoenaed, and when Momma arrived and said that she was Mrs.

Miracles Really Do Happen Essay -- social issues

Miracles Really Do HappenThe ability for scientists to give gentlemans and animals longer, healthier lives is not a vicious pitiless crime it is a miracle. Animal research is the key to preventing pain and suffering. Vaccines inhibit children from becoming crippled and disfigured by infectious diseases while suffering in the shadows of death. When speaking of the Diphtheria vaccine, The enquiry Defense Society states, Before vaccination for Diphtheria was developedas many another(prenominal) as one in ten people, mostly children, caught it and many died from suffocation, paralysis and heart failure. Before vaccines were created, farmers lived in fear of sickness infecting and killing entire herds of cattle. Animal research now hinders the unnecessary loss of precious human and animal existence. Research benefits humans and animals alike, because both beings are similar when it comes to the components of their bodies. Many of the same treatments given to humans are the same treatme nts given to animals. According to The Research Defense Society, The human polio vaccine has been used to protect chimpanzees in the wild. Both species can now undergo pain free surgery caused by injury, or illnesses. Transplants, tumor removal, blood transfusions, and joint replacement permit animals and humans to live vigorously. By using new reproduction methods, species at risk of extinguishing are given new hope. Without animal research there would be no life support machines to keep premature babies alive...

Miracles Really Do Happen Essay -- social issues

Miracles Really Do HappenThe ability for scientists to give humans and animals longer, healthier lives is not a vicious inhumane crime it is a miracle. Animal research is the key to preventing pain and suffering. Vaccines inhibit children from becoming crippled and disfigured by infectious diseases while suffering in the shadows of death. When speaking of the Diphtheria vaccine, The Research Defense Society states, Before vaccination for Diphtheria was developedas many as nonpargonil in ten people, mostly children, caught it and many died from suffocation, paralysis and heart failure. Before vaccines were created, farmers lived in fear of sickness infecting and killing entire herds of cattle. Animal research without delay hinders the unnecessary loss of precious human and animal existence. Research benefits humans and animals alike, because both beings are similar when it comes to the components of their bodies. Many of the same treatments given to humans are the same treatments g iven to animals. According to The Research Defense Society, The human polio vaccine has been used to protect chimpanzees in the wild. Both species can now submit to pain free surgery caused by injury, or illnesses. Transplants, tumor removal, blood transfusions, and joint replacement permit animals and humans to live vigorously. By using newfound reproduction methods, species at risk of extinction are given new hope. Without animal research there would be no life support machines to book premature babies alive...

Patterns Within Systems of Linear Equations

Jasmine Chai Grade 10 196298501 Patterns within systems of bilinear equivalences Systems of linear comparabilitys argon a collection of linear compargons that are related by having one solution, no solution or many solutions. A solution is the transport of intersection mingled with the both or more lines that are depict by the linear comparison. Consider the following comparabilitys x + 2y = 3 and 2x y = -4. These equations are an pillow slip of a 22 system due to the 2 unk nowadaysn covariants (x and y) it has. In one of the patterns, by multiplying the coefficient of the y variable by 2 then subtract the coefficient of x from it you will be given the continuous.As a word equation it brush aside be written like so with the coefficient of x as A and coefficient of y as B and the constant as C, 2B Ax = C. This set up be applied to the send-off equation (x + 2y = 3) as 2(2) 1 = 3. To the second equation (2x y = -4), it is -1(2) 2 = -4. By utilize matrices or gra phs, we merchantman solve this system. Regarding other systems that also has such as pattern, it should also have the said(prenominal) solution as the two examples displayed. For suit, 3x + 4y = 5 and x -2y = -5, some other system, also displays the same pattern as the first set and has a solution of (-1, 2).Essenti eachy, this pattern is indicating an arithmetic progression sequence. Arithmetic progression is described as harsh discrepancy between sequences of numbers. In a specific sequence, each number accordingly is labelled as an. the subscript n is referring to the term number, for instance the 3rd term is known as a3. The approach pattern, an = a1 + (n 1) d, bottomland be used to grow an, the unknown number in the sequence. The variable d represents the parkland inconsistency between the numbers in the sequence. In the first equation (x + 2y = 3) given, the popular fights between the constants c B and B A is 1.Variable A is the coefficient of x and variable b r epresents the coefficient of y, lastly, c represents the constant. The common difference of the second equation (2x y = -4) is -3 because each number is decreasing by 3. In order to solve for the set x and y, you could isolate a certain variable in one of the equations and substitute it into the other equation. x + 2y = 3 2x y = -4 x + 2y = 3 * x = 3 2y * 2(3 2y) y = -4 * 6 4y y = -4 * 6 5y = -4 * -5y = -10 * y = 2 at present that the value of y is found, you can substitute 2 in as y in any of the equations to solve for x. x + 2y = 3 x + 2(2) = 3 * x + 4 = 3 * x = 3 4 * x = -1 root (-1, 2) Even though the solution has already been found, there are many different ways to solve it, such as graphically understand it. By graphing the two linear lines, you can interpolate or extrapolate if necessary to find the excite where the two lines intersect. chart 1 Graph 1 Just from the equations given, it is non in a format where it can be easily graphed. By changing it into y=mx + b form, the first equation will result as y = (1/2) x + 3/2 or y = -0. 5x + 1. 5 and the second equation will result as y = 2x + 4. The significance of the solution is that it is equal to the point of intersection as shown on Graph 1. This can then allow the conclusion that the solution of the two linear equations is also the point of intersection when graphed. According to this arithmetic progression sequence, it could be applied to other exchangeable systems.For instance, the examples below demonstrates how alike 22 systems to the previous one will display a similarity. Example 1 In the first equation the common difference between (3, 4 and 5) is 1. In the second equation, the common difference is -3. The common differences in these equations are exact to the previous example. 3x + 4y = 5 x 2y = -5 x 2y = -5 * x = 2y 5 (Substitution) 3x + 4 y = 5 * 3(2y 5) + 4y = 5 * 6y 15 + 4y = 5 * 10y 15 = 5 * 10y = 20 * y = 2 (Substituting y) x 2y = -5 * x 2(2) = -5 * x 4 = -5 * x = -5 +4 * x = -1 reply (-1, 2)Example 2 In the first equation below, it has a common difference of 18 for (2, 20 and 38). For the second equation, in (15, -5 and -25), it has a common difference of -20. In this example, the system is solved graphically. 2x + 20y = 38 15x 5 y = -25 Solution (-1, 2) Graph 2 Graph 2 From the examples given above that are very similar to the first system, we can conclude that there is something common between them, that is the point of intersection or the determine of x and y. That would imply that the x and y values and the point of intersection will always be (-1, 2) for all systems that follow arithmetic progression sequences. Due to that similarity, an equation t hat can be applied to these types of equations can be made. If the first coefficient of the first equation is identified as A and the common difference is c, an equation such as, Ax + (A + c) y = A + 2c, is made.This equation is so, because it is describes an arithmetic sequence, where the coefficients and constant are increasing by one in response to the coefficient before. In the second equation of the system, some other equation can be made relatively the same to the first, with exceptions of different variables used. If B is used to represent the first coefficient of the second equation and d is used as the common difference, the equation, Bx + (B + d) y = B + 2d is created. With 2 equations, we have now created a system to solve the system we can use the elimination method.This method is used to bear away certain variables in order to find the value of another variable. After doing so, you could substitute in the value for the found variable and solve for the other(s). Ax + ( A + c) y = A + 2c Bx + (B + d) y = B + 2d In order to use the elimination method, you essential make the coefficient of x or y the same depending on which one you would like to turn away. In this case, we will start by eliminating x. To proceed to do so, we moldiness first multiply the first equation by B and the second equation by A ABx + (AB + Bc) y = AB + 2Bc ABx + (AB + Bd) y = AB + 2BdAfter we have made the coefficient of x the same for both equations, we can now subtract the equations from one another ABx + ABy + Bcy = AB + 2Bc ABx + ABy + Bdy = AB + 2Bd * Bcy Bdy = 2Bc 2Bd To find the value of y, we must isolate the variable y. Bcy Bdy = 2Bc 2Bd * y(Bc Bd) = 2(Bc Bd) * y = 2 Now that the value of y is found, to find the value of x is to substitute the value of y, which is 2, into any equation that includes that variable x and y. Bx + (B + d) y = B + 2d * Bx + (B + d) 2 = B + 2d * Bx + 2B + 2d = B + 2d * Bx + 2B B = 2d 2d * Bx + B = 0 * Bx = -B * x = -1To conclude th e results of the equations above, it is making thee statement that all 22 systems that display an arithmetic progression sequence, which has a common difference between the coefficients and constant, it will have a result, point of intersection, of (-1, 2). To confirm that this is correct, the example systems below will demonstrate this property Equation 1 (common difference of 8) 2x + 10y = 18 Equation 2 (common difference of 3) x + 4y = 7 Substitution manner x + 4y = 7 * x = 7 4y Substitute 2x + 10y = 18 * 2 (7 4y) + 10y = 18 * 14 8y +10y = 18 * 14 + 2y = 18 2y = 18 14 * 2y = 4 * y = 2 Substitute x + 4y = 7 * x + 4(2) = 7 * x + 8 = 7 * x = 7 8 * x = -1 Solution (-1, 2) Once again from the example above, it displays that the solution or the point of intersection is identified as (-1, 2). From previous examples, all have a common difference that is different from the other equation occupyd in that system. In the following example, it will experiment whether having the same co mmon difference will make a difference in the result. Equation 1 (common difference of 3) 2x + 5y = 8 Equation 2 (common difference of 3) x + 3y = 6 Graph 3 Graph 3As you can see on the graph, it shows that the two lines do not intersect at (-1, 2) even though it is a 22 system that has a common difference in both equations, meaning that the intersection at (-1, 2) can only be applied to systems that has 2 different common differences. To conclude, all 22 systems that follow arithmetic progression sequence with different common difference have a solution of (-1, 2). Furthermore, now that it is known that there is a certain pattern for a specific type of system, if this property is applied to a 33 system, with 3 different variables can it still compute?Consider the following 33 system, (x + 2y + 3z = 4), (5x + 7y + 9z = 11) and (2x + 5y + 8z = 11). In this system, it has similar patterns to the 22 systems above due to its arithmetic progression. In the first equation, it has a commo n difference of 1 and the second equation has a common difference of 2 and lastly, the third equation has a common difference of 3. To solve this system, we can solve it using the method of elimination or matrices. Equation 1 (common difference 1) x + 2y + 3z = 4 Equation 2 (common difference 2) 5x + 7y + 9z = 11Equation 3 (common difference 3) 2x + 5y + 8z = 11 Elimination Method To eliminate the variable x, we must first start by making the coefficients of x in two equations the same. We can do so by finding the lowest common multiple of the two coefficients and multiplying the whole equation by it. Equation 1 x + 2y + 3z = 4 * 2(x + 2y + 3z = 4) * 2x + 4y + 6z = 8 We can eliminate the variable x now that the coefficients of x in both equations are the same. To eliminate x, we can subtract equation 3 from equation 1. Equation 1 and 3 2x + 4y + 6z = 8 2x + 5y + 8z = 11 -y -2z = -3 After eliminating x from two equations to form another equation that does not involve x (-y -2z = -3), another equation that does not involve x must be made to further eliminate another variable such as y or z. Equation 1 x + 2y + 3z = 4 * 5(x + 2y + 3z = 4) * 5x + 10y + 15z = 20 We can eliminate the variable x now that the coefficients of x in both equations are the same. To eliminate x, we can subtract equation 2 from equation 1. Equation 1 and 2 5x + 10y + 15z = 20 5x + 7y + 9z = 11 3y + 6z = 9Now that two different equations that do not involve x ((-y -2z = -3) and (3y + 6z = 9)) are created, we can find the common coefficient of y and eliminate it to find the value of the variable z. Let (-y -2z = -3) to be known as equation A and (3y + 6z = 9) will be known as equation B. Equation A -y -2z = -3 * 3(-y -2z = -3) * -3y -6z = -9 Equation A and B -3y -6z = -9 + 3y + 6z = 9 0 = 0 As you can see from the result, 0 = 0, this is indicating that the system either has many solutions, meaning a linear line or no solution, where all the lines do not intersect together at a specific poin t.Even if you attempt to isolate a different variable it will still have the same result. For instance, using the same equations above, you eliminate the variable y first as displayed below. Equation 1 (common difference 1) x + 2y + 3z = 4 Equation 2 (common difference 2) 5x + 7y + 9z = 11 Equation 3 (common difference 3) 2x + 5y + 8z = 11 Elimination Method Equation 1 x + 2y + 3z = 4 * 7(x + 2y + 3z = 4) * 7x +14y + 21z = 28 Equation 2 5x + 7y + 9z = 11 * 2(5x + 7y + 9z = 11) * 10x + 14y + 18z = 22 Equation 1 and 2 7x +14y + 21z = 28 10x + 14y + 18z = 22 3x + 3z = 6 Equation 1 x + 2y + 3z = 4 * 5(x + 2y + 3z = 4) * 5x +10y + 15z = 20 Equation 3 2x + 5y + 8z = 11 * 2(2x + 5y + 8z = 11) * 4x + 10y +16z = 22 Equation 1 and 3 5x +10y + 15z = 20 4x + 10y +16z = 22 x z = -2 Two equations have been made that has already eliminated the variable y. Let (-3x + 3z = 6) be equation A and let (x z = -2) be equation B. Doing this, is in attempt to solve for variable x. Equation A -3x + 3z = 6 Equation B x z = -2 * 3(x z = -2) * 3x 3z = -6 Equation A and B -3x + 3z = 6 + 3x 3z = -6 0 = 0As you can see the result, it is the same even if you try to solve another variable, from that we can confirm that this system has either no solution or infinite solutions, meaning that they are collinear lines. Furthermore, because this is a 33 system, meaning that it has tierce different variables, such as x, y and z, graphing it will also be very different from a graph of a 22 system. In a 33 system, the graph would be a surface chart, where the variable z allows the graph to become 3D. From this, we can conclude 33 systems that follow an arithmetic progression will always have either no solution or infinite solutions.This is saying that all linear equations do not intersect together in one point or they do not intersect. A way to prove this is through finding the causal factor. The determinant is a single number that describes the solvability of the system. To find the determin ant of all 33 systems that possesses arithmetic progression, we can start by creating a formula. Allow the first coefficient of the first equation be A and the second equations first coefficient be B and lastly, the first coefficient of the third equation be C.The common difference of equation one will be c, the common difference of equation two will be d, and the common difference of equation e will be e. This can be described through the following equations 1. Ax + (A + c) y + (A + 2c) z = (A + 3c) 2. Bx + (B + d) y + (B + 2d) z = (B + 3d) 3. Cx + (C + e) y + (C + 2e) z = (C + 3e) When developing a hyaloplasm to find the determinant, you must have a square matrix. In this case, we do not have a square matrix. A square matrix is where the number of rows and columns are equal, for example, it could be a 22, 33, or 44. Looking at the equations, it is a 34 matrix as a result it must be rearranged.Below is the rearranged matrix of the equations above. x A (A + c) (A + 2c) (A + 3c) y B (B + d) (B + 2d) = (B + 3d) z C (C + e) (C + 2e) (C + 3e) To find the determinant, you must find 4 values from the 33 matrix that helps find the determinant of A, B and C. In this case, if you were to find the values for A, you would cover the values that are in the same row and column as A, like so, A (A + c) (A + 2c) B (B + d) (B + 2d)C (C + e) (C + 2e) You would be left with four separate values that can be labelled as A, B, C and D. Respectively to the model below a b c d In order to find the determinant you must find the four values for A, (A + c) and (A +2c). To find the determinant the equation ad cb is used. The equation in this situation would be like the one below A(B + d)(C + 2e) (C + e)(B + 2d) (A + c)B(C + 2e) C(B + 2d) + (A +2c)B(C + 2e) C(B + 2d) string out * = A(BC BC + Cd 2Cd + 2Be Be + 2de 2de) (A + c)(BC BC + 2Be 2Cd) + (A + 2c)(BC BC + 2Be 2Cd) Simplify 2ABe 2ABe + 2ACd 2ACd + 2Ccd 2Ccd + 2Bce 2Bce * = 2ABe 2ABe + 2ACd 2ACd + 2Ccd 2Ccd + 2B ce 2Bce * = 0 As it is visible, above it shows that the determinant found in this type of matrix is zero. If it is zero, it marrow that there are infinite answers or no answer at all. Using technology, a graphing calculator, once entering a 33 matrix that exhibits arithmetic progression, it states that it is an error and states that it is a singular matrix. This may mean that there is no solution. To conclude, there is no solution or infinite solution to 33 systems that exhibit the pattern of arithmetic sequencing.This can be proved when the sample 33 system is graphed and results as a 3D collinear segment. As well as the results from above when a determinant is found to be zero proves that 33 systems that pertains an arithmetic sequence. Arithmetic sequences within systems of linear equations are one pattern of systems. Regarding other patterns, it is questionable if nonrepresentational sequences can be applied to systems of linear equations. Consider the following equations, x + 2y = 4 and 5x y = 1/5. It is clear that the coefficients and constants have a certain relation through multiplication.In the first equation (x + 2y = 4), it has the relation where it has a common ratio of 2 between numbers 1, 2 and 4. For the second equation (5x y = 1/5), it has a common ratio of -1/5 between 5, -1 and 1/5. The common ratio is impelled through the multiplicative succession from the previous number in the order of the numbers. When the equations are rearranged into the form y=mx+b, as y = ? x + 2 and y = 5x 1/5, there is a visible pattern. Between the two equations they both possess the pattern of the constant, where constant a is the negative inverse of constant b and vice versa.This would infer that if they are multiplied together, as follows (-1/2 x 2 = -1 and 5 x -1/5 = -1), it will result as -1. With equations that are also similar to these, such as the following, y = 2x 1/2, y = -2x + 1/2, y = 1/5x 5 or y = -1/5x +5. Displayed below, is a linear graph that shows linear equations that are very similar to the ones above. Graph 4 Graph 4 From the graph above, you can see that the equations that are the same with exceptions of negatives and positives, they reflect over the axis and displays the same slope.For instance, the linear equations y = 2x -1/2 and y=-2x +1/2 are essentially the same but reflected as it shows in the graph below. Also, all equations have geometric sequencing, which means that they are multiplied by a common ratio. Secondly, the points of intersection between similar lines are always on the x-axis. Graph 5 Graph 5 Point of intersection (0. 25, 0) Point of intersection (0. 25, 0) To solve a general 22 system that incorporates this pattern, a formula must be developed. In order to do so, something that should be kept in mind is that it must contain geometric sequencing in regards to the coefficients and constants.An equation such as, Ax + (Ar) y = Ar2 with A representing the coefficients and r representing the com mon ratio. The second equation of the system could be as follows, Bx + (Bs) y = Bs2 with B as the coefficient and s as the common ratio. As a general formula of these systems, they can be simplified through the method of elimination to find the values of x and y. Ax + (Ar) y = Ar2 Bx + (Bs) y = Bs2 Elimination Method B (Ax + (Ar) y = Ar2) * BAx + BAry = BAr2 A (Bx + (Bs) y = Bs2) * ABx + ABsy = ABs2 Eliminate BAx + BAry = BAr2 ABx + ABsy = ABs2 BAry ABsy = BAr2 ABs2 ABy (r s) = AB (r2 s2) * y = (r + s) Finding value of x by inputting y into an equation ABx + ABsy = ABs2 * ABx + ABs(r + s) = ABs2 * ABx = ABs2 ABs(r +s) * x = s2 s(r +s) * x = s2 s2 rs * x = rs To confirm that the formula is correct, we can apply the equation into the formula and solve for x and y and compare it to the results of graph 4. The equations that we will be comparing will be y = 5x 1/5 and y = -1/5x + 5. The point of intersection, (1, 4. 8) of these equations is shown graphically on graph 4 and 6. The common ratio (r) of the first equation is -0. and the common ratio, also known as s in the equation of the second equation is 5. X = (-0. 2 x 5) = 1 Y = (-0. 2 + 5) = 4. 8 As you can see, above, the equations are correctly matching the point of intersection as shown on the graphs. Due to such as result, it is known that it can now be applied to any equations that display geometric sequencing. Graph 6 Graph 6 Resources 1. Wolfram MathWorld. Singular Matrix. Retrieved N/A, from http//mathworld. wolfram. com/SingularMatrix. html 2. Math Words. Noninvertible Matrix. Retrieved March 24, 2011 from, http//www. mathwords. com/s/singular_matrix. htm

RJ Palacio’s Wonder: August’s Facial Deformity and Its Impact on His Education

President Woodrow Wilson, Research Paper, By Mariah Huffman, President Woodrow Wilson was an extraordinary man in office and not, Wilson was born on December 29th, 1856 in Stanton, Virginia and died February 23rd 1924.His father Joseph Ruggles was in the ministries all Wilsons life and his mother was a stay at mob mom to him and his two sisters, Marion an Annie and a brother Joseph. When he was grizzlyer he married his wife Ellen Wilson on June 24th 1885 when he was 28 yrs old later they had three daughters, Margaret, Jessie and Eleanor. Wilson went to college to be a minister but his profession changed a lot so he just settled with a PhD in political science.Woodrow Wilson had a lot of achievements in his life, in 1917 he declared war on Germany, on January 8th 1918 Wilson presented his 14 points for peace he was excessively awarded the noble peace prize for his work in ending world war 1, he negotiated the treaty of Versailles, which also established the league of nations and w ith ratification of the ordinal amendment, income tax became legal. The Federal Reserve act was instituted this agency controlled the money supply.Here are some interesting facts about President Woodrow Wilson, after he had suffered a stroke, Wilson allowed his wife to handle lesser government details she decided what was important and what wasnt, Wilson typed his own letters on a typewriter, Wilsons second wife Edith, was a descendent of Pocahontas, two of his daughters were married at the white house, The Wilsons kept a flock of sheep at the white house to keep the grass shortened and when there wool was shaved it was sold and the money went to the red span, his second wife Edith sent a lot of time sewing for the red cross during WW1.President Wilsons father was his biggest influences growing up because as Wilson grew up he didnt really learn all that good because he was dyslectic and with his fathers patients he got me through schooling grad school. One of the significant even t that Wilson remembers was when he was a young boy growing up in my home town in Augusta, Georgia he witnessed Jefferson Davis in chains being walked down the street on his way to prison.President Wilson later on subject his own law firm back home after his 3rd stroke, his wife Ellen then pasted away and then he was married once more to a women named Edith and they never had no kids together while they wore together.

Pmo Project Management Office

A Project Management Office (PMO) is a group or segment within a business, agency or enterprise that defines and maintains standards for project management within the organization. The PMO strives to standardize and introduce economies of repetition in the execution of projects. The PMO is the source of documentation, counselor and metrics on the bore of project management and execution.In some organisations this is known as the Program Management Office (sometimes abbreviated to PgMO to differentiate) the subtle difference is that schedule management relates to governing the management of several related projects. Traditional PMOs base project management principles on industry-standard methodologies such as PMBOK or PRINCE2. Increasingly important industry certification programs such as ISO9000 and the Malcolm Baldrige National Quality Award (MBNQA) as well as government regulatory requirements such as Sarbanes-Oxley pick up propelled organizations to standardize processescita tion needed.Organizations around the globe are defining, borrowing and collecting best practices in process and project management and are increasingly assigning the PMO to maintain overall influence and evolution of thought to continual organizational improvementcitation needed. According to the Standish CHAOS Report (2009)citation needed, 68% of projects do non meet time/ bell/scope targets. Only 32% of projects were completed on time, within budget and delivered measurable business and stakeholder benefits. There are many reasons for such failures. As per a KPMG surveycitation needed of 252 organizations, technology is not the most critical factor.Inadequate project management implementation constitutes 32% of project failures, lack of communication constitutes 20% and unfamiliarity with scope and complexity constitutes 17%. Accordingly 69% of project failures are due to lack and/or improper implementation of project management methodologies. Establishing a PMO group is not a short term strategy to lower costs. 1 Surveys with companies indicates that the longer they have an operating PMO group the better the results achieved to accomplish project goals (which might lead to grueling costs)citation needed.PMOs may take other functions beyond standards and methodology, and participate in Strategic Project Management either as facilitator or actively as proprietor of the Portfolio Management process. Tasks may include Monitoring and Reporting on active projects (following up project until completion), and reporting progress to top management for strategic decisions on what projects to continue or cancel. A PMO can be one of three types from an organizational exposure perspective enterprise PMO, organizational (departmental) PMO, or special occasion PMO.The Project Management Institute (PMI) Program Management Office Community of Practice (CoP), views the PMO as a strategic driver for organizational excellence and seeks to put up the practices of execution management, organizational governance, and strategic change leadershipcitation needed. As the largest community devoted to the PMO, with over 4,000 members globally, the PMO CoP is the central forum to collaborate, expand the knowledge base, and mature the PMO practice within their own organizations and the business community at large.

Egalitarian Companies Are More Innovative

Discuss the pros and cons of the following statement Egalitarian companies are more innovative. An egalitarian familiarity exists with equal human chastens for all employees, regardless of social economic income, race, origin, gender, religious or political beliefs. Most people view egalitarian as lovely as it creates a friendly working environment. an egalitarian work environment doesnt depend on job descriptions and conventional management roles. This allows employees to function as a more inclusive work force. it promoted shared responsibilities among workers and promotes team work.An egalitarian work environment doesnt depend on job description and traditional management roles to define employees and structure workforce. This allows employees in a attach to to exist without hierarchies and function as more inclusive workforce. Employees may feel more apprehended and contribute ideas to the companys growth and overall direction and operational strategies. Pros. In organizat ions, hierarchy is more than just a human predisposition, its a practical necessity. The purpose of an organization is to mobilize diverse talents and abilities in order to produce goods and services.In the modern world, we swallow engine room to multiply this output. We pauperization to portion out up tasks, match them with the right people (since not all people puzzle equal skills), and then integrate them for customers. Somebody has to support the direction to feign this happen effectively at every stage and level. This is where the role of the supervisor, manager, team leader, or executive comes in. Without this guidance and decision function, we would have disorganization. There are many, companies that have long shown success through their structure. In certain market environments there need strict adherence to standards, requirements, policies, etc. ierarchies stop help ensure pennant quality is al offices present. ie health facilities. Additionally, utilizing specia lists or experts inside an organization or network, is natural. Not everyone can do everything. Boundaries can be more permeable so that people can share information, resources, and ideas to make the whole enterprise more successful. Making this happen is never easy, but it cant be done at all without leaders who have the authority to break the ties between groups and individuals who have different visions of what should be done. There is no better way to do this than through traditional hierarchy.Along with that, it may not be cost, time or quality abiding to let everyone roam free without direction. The right blend and balance for any one particular organization will depend on the pace of change in the industry, the capabilities of the employees, and the resources available to take action. The need for leadership will always exist. There will always be a need for visionaries, people who can influence others, and people who can execute. Cons. slice hierarchies were the favored for m of organizing in the past, they should not be the key de abridge in business.Hierarchies, characterized by tight controls, centralized decision-making, and clear-cut job descriptions, often alter employees and promote an individualistic work mentality. Traditional management systems are increasingly a vanishing breed, no longer valuable or relevant in instantlys increasingly human-capital-centric workplace. The lack of job descriptions, flatter organizations, and flexible approach would likely fit better for organizational environments that are new, immature, or very promptly evolving. With a lightning fast pace of change, constraining job descriptions may hold individuals back from taking action.Leadership is vital in driving forward principles that can be acted upon. With visionary approaches that allow for empowered action, many great things can be achieved. Identify three organizations that you perceive as being innovative. Organization mental institution is the successful implementation of creative ideas in an organization. The three organizations that I perceive as being innovative are Facebook, orchard apple tree and Microsoft. All three companies have managed to be creative and sustain a competitive advantage. They have also maintained quality and form of their service and product overtime.Identify the innovation and its equal upon each organization. Facebook innovation has attracted billions of members to their site. They have a continuing innovation of interactive face book communication that has created patterns of innovation overtime. Facebook has created a market competitive advantage. Facebook has apply distinctive competitiveness to sustain its innovation and avoid duplication by competitors. Face book have maintained an incremental change by having their members sign in for free and also by improving the Facebook performance as a dominant website.Facebook is a social networking service and website. As of January 2012, Facebook had more than 800 meg active users. Users must register before using the site, after which they may create a personalised profile, add other users as friends, and exchange messages, including self-activating notifications when they update their profile. Additionally, users may join common-interest user groups, organized by workplace, school or college, or other characteristics, and categorize their friends into lists such as People from pretend or Close Friends.Face book innovation as attracted 7 billion users worldwide. It has also launched a Spanish version. Apple, one of the superior innovators continue to launch new technology i. e. IPhones, iPods. Etc. over time Apple continues to create newer sustainable technology. Apple Inc. together with subsidiaries offers designs, manufactures, and markets mobile communication and media devices, personal computers, and portable digital music players and sells related software, services, peripherals, networking solutions, and third-party digit al content worldwide.Its products and services include iPhone, iPad, Mac, iPod, Apple TV, the iOS and Mac OS X operating systems, iCloud, and various paraphernalia and support offerings, as well as a range of consumer and professional software applications. As of September 24, 2011, the company had 357 retail stores, including 245 stores in the United States and 112 stores internationally. Apple Inc. was founded in 1976 and is headquartered in Cupertino, California. Microsoft Corporation develops, licenses, and supports a range of software products and services for various computing devices worldwide.The companys Windows & Windows Live Division particle offers PC operating system that primarily includes Windows 7 and Windows Vista operating systems Windows live suite of applications and Web services and Microsoft PC hardware products. Its Microsofts Server and Tools segment provides Windows Server operating systems, Windows Azure, Microsoft SQL Server, SQL Azure, Windows Intune, W indows Embedded, Visual Studio, Silverlight, system center products, Microsoft consulting services, and product support services.This segment also offers enterprise consulting services and training and certification to developers and information technology professionals, as well as builds standalone and software development lifecycle tools for software architects, developers, testers, and project managers. The company provides online information and content through Bing, MSN portals, and adCenter, as well as book of maps online tools for advertisers. Its Microsoft Business Division segment offers Microsoft office Microsoft Exchange Microsoft SharePoint Microsoft Lync Microsoft Dynamics ERP and CRM and Microsoft Office Web Apps, as well as office 365, n online service, offering Microsoft Office, Exchange, SharePoint, and Lync. The companys has created great inovative Entertainment and Devices Division segment provides Xbox 360 entertainment platform, which includes the Xbox 360 gami ng and entertainment console, Kinect for Xbox 360, Xbox 360 video games, Xbox LIVE, and Xbox 360 accessories Mediaroom, an Internet protocol television software and Windows Phone that provide Microsoft Office and Xbox LIVE functionality.It markets and distributes its products and services through original equipment manufacturers, distributors, and resellers, as well as through online. Microsoft was founded in 1975 and is headquartered in Redmond, Washington. (www. mocrosoft. com) William Chuck,(management) 2010 Custom Edition.

Mother courage and her children Essay

By Bertolt Brecht, and small town, by William Shakespeare, are twain stu ease ups in the policy-making activities and the muniment and evolution of a society. These maps hold political views that have survived for centuries. In response to the statement made about Bertolt Brecht, get down courage and Her Children and hamlet both make a statement on politics and fight. Mother Courage and Her Children was a story of a woman and her children during the Thirty Years War.Early on in the play, Mother Courage predicted that her children would meet their deaths due to the personality characteristics each had Eilif would die for his bravery, Kattrin for her kindness, and Swiss Cheese for his honesty. As the play progressed, Swiss Cheese did die because of his honesty and Kattrin for her kindness. Mother Courages downfall was that she sought to profit from the war to provide for her family, turning a blind eye to her childrens safety. The play ended with Mother Courage moving on with the regiment. Brechts Mother Courage and Her Children has an intellectual anti-war message. War in every society is required.However, Brecht took a dyed view on this social reality, proclaiming an anti-war message. This message is intellectual because Brecht kept the emotion to a minimum. For example, when Swiss Cheese was penalise, the event played out off typify (Brecht 41-42 scene 3). This kept the audience focused on the message Brecht was trying to get across. Brechts anti-war message also revealed itself in one of the major themes of the play, war as business. Mother Courage profited from the war, nevertheless it cost her her children. Mother Courage was so intent on profiting from the war and providing for her family that her children fell by the wayside.For example, Mother Courage does not pawn her wagon to pay for her son, Swiss Cheeses, freedom from captivity. She was planning to do this, but when she realized that Swiss Cheese threw the cash encase, the box she was planning to get the money from to buy her wagon back after she pawned it to save her son, into the river, she decided that she could not pawn her wagon. Swiss Cheese was then executed (Brecht 38-41 scene 3). Hamlet is the story of a ghost, Prince Hamlet, and a corrupt uncle. At the beginning of the play, Prince Hamlet sees the ghost of his become, the King of Denmark.Hamlet then discovers that his uncle, Claudius, murdered his father in order to become king and marry Hamlets mother. The ghost orders Hamlet to seek revenge on Claudius. Hamlet first determines Claudiuss guilt, then seeks to destroy him. Claudius fears for his life, and plots to kill Hamlet. At the end of the play, Hamlet is cut with a poisoned sword and dies, but not before exacting revenge on Claudius for his fathers murder. Shakespeares Hamlet also has political ties. Politics provide the setting and characterization for the play. The political situation in the play is plainly unstable.Claudius, Hamlets uncle and now King of Denmark, was a wicked politician under whose rule the state of Denmark was suffering. The deceased King Hamlet, Hamlets father, was a strong ruler, therefore the state was in good health. The presence of King Hamlets ghost was indicative that something is rotten in the state of Denmark. (Shakespeare 1. 4, 100) Hamlet therefore spent the entire play seeking revenge on his uncle. Like in Mother Courage and Her Children , war played a role, but not in the same way. There was an internal war between the members of the royal family in Hamlet. Claudius wanted power, therefore he murdered King Hamlet.This is an inevitable characteristic of humankind evolution, survival of the fittest. It is human temper to succeed in life. Like it was said in the statement about Bertolt Brecht, this characteristic of human nature is not susceptible to change. It is even seen today in corporate America people scratch and claw their way to success, no matter who they have to harm in the proce ss. Such as Mother Courage profited monetarily from the Thirty Years War, Claudius profited politically from the murder of King Hamlet. At the beginning of the play, Claudius revels in his new send as King of Denmark.He thanks his subjects for their support and denies Hamlets request to return to the university in Wittenberg (Shakespeare 1. 2). Claudius enjoyed being king until the end of the play when Hamlet avenged his fathers death. The quote about Bertolt Brecht that stated that theater is a political statement and that society is not susceptible to change because of history and evolution is alive and well in both William Shakespeares Hamlet and Bertolt Brechts Mother Courage and Her Children. War, between both countries and states and family members, is inevitable due to human evolution.Certain individuals profit from these types of wars, such as Mother Courage profiting from the Thirty Years War and Claudius profiting from the death of King Hamlet. War is inevitable, it is ho w one copes with war that makes the difference. ?Brecht, Bertolt. Mother Courage and Her Children. New York Arcade Publishing, 1941/1994. ? Miller, Arthur. Death of a Salesman. In ed. Gerald Weales. The Viking Critical Library. New York Penguin Books, 1949/1967. ? Shakespeare, William. The Tragedy of Hamlet, Prince of Denmark. In ed. Barbara A. Mowat and Paul Werstine. The New Folger Library Shakespeare. New York chapiter Square Press, 1603/1992.

Education Governance in Bangladesh Essay

This traditional thinking of pedagogy as the ticket to the good life emerges in distinct ways and degrees in Bangladesh. discipline is seen as something that is received rather than achieved and it has increasingly become dependent on certificates. procreation in the largest sense is any act or experience that has a formative effect on the mind, character or physical ability of an individual.In its technical sense, grooming is the process by which society deliberately transmits its hoard knowledge, skills and values from one generation to some other. The organization of Bangladesh places great importance on education and in this regard the disposal has been trying to transform its huge race into human resource. training for All (EFA) is the constitutional state of the government. The constitution affirms equal rights in education for all. Since independence every government had taken several travel to increase the literacy rate in Bangladesh.But did they really work out ? Our neighbor countries like India, Srilanka have made a great progress in literacy rate. But, where as the current literacy rate of Bangladesh is 63. 8 %. If all the steps were successfully implemented, then the rate would be around 80% (daily Janakantho, 24 July, 10). So, here is presently description about the whole education remains and the role of government in Bangladesh. Governance Although the destination governance is often used synonymously with the marches government it tends rather to be used to describe the processes and systems by which a government or governor operate.The term government and governor describe the institutions and slew involved. According to the World Bank Governance is the traditions and institutions by which authority in a country is exercised for the common good. This includes (i) the process by which those in authority ar selected, monitored and replaced, (ii) the capacity of the government to effectively manage its resources and implement s ound policies, and (iii) the respect of citizens and the state for the institutions that govern scotch and social interactions among them. According to the UNDP. Governance is the exercise of political, economic and administrative authority to manage a nations affairs. It is the complex mechanisms, processes and institutions through with(predicate) which citizens and groups articulate their interests, exercise their legal rights and obligations, and mediate their differences. cultivation Governance Education governance is concerned with how the funding, provision, ownership and regulation of education and training systems is coordinated, and at what take aim local, regional, national and supranational.It is government who play the virtually significant role in coordinating education, the distribution of these responsibilities has been changing in response to calls for great efficiency, effectiveness, accountability and democracy. Households, communities, and new kinds of sem iprivate actors, ar increasingly involved in many contrastive aspects of education and training governance, raising questions about equity, participation and transparency. Objectives of Education Governance To inspire and create enthusiasm among the learners in their thoughts, deeds and daily life to try moral, humanitarian, religious, cultural and social values in personal as well as in national life. To develop awareness in the learners to protect the independence, sovereignty and integrity of Bangladesh. To make education pragmatic, productive and creative with a view to bringing about changes in the socio-economic conditions of the country and making the students into a dutiful and prudent manpower with scientific outlook and help them develop the qualities of leadership. To give superfluous emphasis on pristine and standby education with a view to expanding education, to impress respect and eagerness for physical labor and enable the learners acquire vocational educat ion for self-employment in all stages of education. To promote fraternity, moral values, genero mock upy and fellow-feeling in the great unwashed and make them respectful of human rights. To promote democratic values through fostering tolerance of one anothers views and help develop life-oriented, living and positive attitude for blossoming democratic awareness. To ensure proper gauge at every level of education to strengthen and widen the knowledge, skills and attitude acquired in the previous stage (in accordance with various aims and objectives of education) to enable acquisition of new knowledge and skills and to encourage people to contribute in the system of education, especially in the field of primary, junior-grade and vocational education. To emancipate the country from the curse of illiteracy. To create equal opportunities for education in accordance with merit and aptitude for the purpose of expression a society bighearted from disparity. To ensure gender parity i n education and remove barriers of caste, creed and ethnicity in obtaining education. To ensure constitutional guarantee at all levels of education. To create awareness about protection of environment. Structure of Education domain in Bangladesh The education system in Bangladesh is characterized by co-existence of three break in flowings. The mainstream happens to be a vernacular based secular education system carried over from the colonial past. There besides exists a separate religious system of education.Finally, based on use of slope as the medium of instruction, another stream of education, modeled after the British education system, using the same curriculum, has rapidly grown in the metropolitan cities of Bangladesh. However diverse the above streams may apparently look, they have certain common elements, and there exists scope for re-integration of graduates of one stream with the other at different levels. Different Streams in Education The mainstream education sys tem in Bangladesh is structured as follows a.One or both carry pre-primary education imparted in private instructs/kindergartens, and informally in government primary schools for six months. b. Five-year compulsory primary education for the 6-10 year age group, imparted mainly in government and non-government primary schools. In metropolitan cities, besides, government and non-government primary schools cater to the educational needs only of the poorer sections of the people, as the better-off families usually send their children to Private English Medium schools/ standby schools that run primary sections as well.Very few NGOs however impart education for the full 5-year primary education cycle. c. On boundary of primary education, students (11+) enter for junior utility(prenominal) education that spans over 3 years. At the end of this phase of education, some students branch out to join the vocational stream, offered at Vocational Training Institutes (VTI) and technical Training Centers (TTC) run by the Ministry of Education, and the Ministry of Labor and Employment respectively, while students in the mainstream continue in government and non-government secondary schools for a 2 year secondary education in their respective areas of specialization i. . humanities, science, commerce, etc. At the end of their secondary education, the students sit for their first cosmos examination (S. S. C. ) under the supervision of six education boards. The students of religious education and English medium streams alike sit for their respective existence examinations, Dakhil, and O level, conducted by the Madrasah Education Board, and London/Cambridge University respectively, facilitated by the British Council in case of the latter. d.After 10 years of schooling at primary and secondary level, students (16+) who follow in passing the Secondary School Certificate (S. S. C. ) examination have the option of joining a college for a 2 year high secondary education in their respective areas of specialization, or enroll in technical/ poly technical institutes for technical education. After 2-year higher secondary education, one has to sit for another public examination called Higher Secondary Certificate (H. S. C. ) Examination conducted by the Education Boards to qualify for further education.Students of Religious and English Medium streams also sit for their respective public examinations, Alim, and A level, conducted by the Madrasah Education Board and London/Cambridge University respectively to qualify for further education. e. Under-graduate education of various duration (2 to 4 years) are offered to 18+ students at a number of public and private universities / degree colleges/technical colleges/ specialized institutions. Successful completion of a degree course is a pre-requisite for appointment to a white-collar civilian job. . Post-graduate education normally of 1-2 year duration is provided at universities and selected degree colleges and institutions. Key Organizations governing the education firmament in Bangladesh Many organizations are involved in the direction of higher education in Bangladesh, and there is no single overarching authority. The President of Bangladesh is the Chancellor of most of the universities and is answerable for the appointment of vice-chancellors. The Prime Minister is Chancellor of a limited number of universities.The Ministry of Education (MoE) is concerned with overall policy training, monitoring, evaluation and execution of education. pains directorates are responsible for supervision and control of their relevant institutions, and these are directorate of Secondary and Higher Education (DSHE) including Madrasah and other special types of education. Directorate of Technical Education (DTE) Technical and Vocational institutions. The University Grants Commission of Bangladesh (UGC) established in 1973, acts as an intermediary body between the government and individual universi ties, and is responsible for all higher education.It reports to the Minister of Education through the Secretary of Education. Its main functions are as follows 1. To assess the needs of university education and evaluate and advise development plans to the Ministry 2. To identify the fiscal requirements of the universities 3. To allocate operating and development funds from the government to the various institutions 4. To evaluate the use of funds and implementation of development programs 5. To advise the giving medication on the government activity of new universities, including private universities, and expansion of lively institutions . To collect and disseminate statistical information 7. To advise the Government on proposals to grant the right to confer special degree awarding status on colleges. The National University (NU) is an affiliating university that controls the degree-granting colleges. Prior to 1992, degree colleges were affiliated with one of the existing univer sities, which established syllabi, set and administered examinations, and awarded degrees for students in the colleges.To reduce the nucleus on the universities, the NU was established to take over and organize the affiliated colleges in all fields except agriculture, engineering and medicine. The Bangladesh Institutes of Technology (BIT) Council (CBIT) co-ordinates the activities of the four engineering colleges that enroll around 3,200 students. It has virtually the same functions as the UGC, only for the institutes of technology. The Association of Universities of Bangladesh (AUB) co-ordinates the activities of universities in both pedantic and administrative matters.The AUB also leases with the government and the UGC on administrative and monetary affairs. Management of the education sector in Bangladesh Pre-primary education, generally recognized as a useful stage of education to smoothen the transition from home to an institutional environment and thereby contributing to re duced drop out rates at primary level has so long remained outside the purview of formalized education policy of Bangladesh. Its management therefore lies at present exclusively in the hands of the schools imparting such(prenominal) education and some NGOs running such schools.The Education Policy 2010 did however recognize the need for pre-primary education and recommended its gradual introduction to 5+ children in primary schools with a view to universalizing one-year pre-primary education. As provision of universal compulsory primary education has been recognized by the Constitution of Bangladesh as a state responsibility, the government has assumed direct responsibility of the management of primary education in Bangladesh, particularly in the wake of enactment of Compulsory Primary Education exertion in 1990.The overall responsibility of management of primary education lies with the Primary and Mass Education Division (PMED) set up as a separate Division with the status of a Ministry in 1992. While the PMED is involved in formulation of policies, the responsibility of implementation of the same rests with the Directorate of Primary Education (DPE) headed by a Director General. The different tiers of administration such as Divisions, Districts and Upazilas are manned by Deputy Directors, District Primary Education Officers (DPEO) and Upazila Education Officers (UEO) respectively.UEOs are assisted by a number of AUEOs for each one in charge of a cluster of primary schools. At the school level, there exist School Management directions (SMC) formed as per government directives with certain well defined functions, and Parent Teachers Associations (PTA) playing a supportive role in building favorable teaching-learning environment in schools. The Directorate of Primary Education (DPE) and its subordinate offices in the district and upazila are solely responsible for management and supervision of primary education.Their responsibilities include recruitment, p osting, and transfer of teachers and other supply arranging in-service training of teachers and distribution of free text books, and supervision of schools. The responsibility of school construction, repair and supply of school furniture lies with the Facilities Department (FD) and Local Government Engineering Department (LGED). The National Curriculum and Text Book Board (NCTB) is responsible for the development of curriculum and production of textbooks.While the Ministry of Education (MOE) is responsible for formulation of policies, the Directorate of Secondary and Higher Education (DSHE) under the Ministry of Education is responsible for implementing the same at secondary and higher education level. The NCTB is responsible for developing curriculum, and make standard textbooks. Seven regions based Boards of Intermediate and Secondary Education (BISE) are responsible for conducting the devil public examinations, S. S. C. and H. S. C. , in addition to granting recognition to non -government secondary schools.DSHE is divide into eight zones, each in charge of a Deputy Director assisted by two Inspectors, and two Assistant Inspectors. District Offices are headed by District Education Officers (DEO). There exist three different levels of supervision. BISEs are responsible for accreditation of non-government secondary schools. However, because of lack of inspection capacity, the work is delegated to Zonal Inspectors and DEOs. The Directorate of command and Audit of MOE with a lessened manpower of 24 Inspectors are responsible for periodic qualitative and quantitative evaluation of non-government schools.Each zone has two Inspectors and two Assistant Inspectors to inspect all schools covered by the zones. At the school level, in case of non-government secondary schools, School Management Committees (SMC), and at the intermediate college level in case of non-government colleges, Governing Bodies (GB), formed as per government directives, are responsible for mo bilizing resources, approving budgets, controlling expenditures and appointing and disciplining stave. In government secondary schools there does not exist any SMC. The Head Master s solely responsible for running the school and is supervised by the Deputy Director of the respective zone. PTAs however exist essentially for ensuring a better teaching learning environment. The Directorate of Technical Education (DTE) is responsible for planning, development and implementation of technical and vocational education in the country. Universities in Bangladesh are autonomous bodies administered by statutory bodies such as Syndicate, Senate, Academic Council etc. in accordance with provisions laid devour in their respective Acts.While the private universities are regulated by the University Grand Commission (UGC). Regulation/Licensing authority Under the Presidents assemble No. 10 of 1973, which established the UGC, the UGC has the right to visit the public universities or to have them vi sited by teams of experts as and when necessary for evaluating programs and assessing their needs and requirements. The establishment of a private university requires the formation of a non-profit corporation or foundation and the Private Universities Act stipulates a series of conditions for establishing a private university.Some of them are given downstairs A security deposit of Taka 50 million in interest-bearing government bonds. Transnational Report Case Study Bangladesh (October 2003) page 18 of 36 A minimum of two faculties. Permission to rent office space only for 5 years, before building their own campus. They should own land of at least five acres. Programs and courses to be offered essential be approved by the UGC before students are admitted. Five percent of places must be reserved for free studentships to poor but meritorious students. Following establishment, the UGC has the authority to periodically monitor, visit and evaluate the performance of private univer sities, regarding the numbers of qualified teachers, library books, facilities, approved curricula, and to recommend de-certification if institutions fail to perform according to agreed-upon standards. The National University reviews and approves the applications of all degree colleges that seek Government recognition. Applications are reviewed against minimum criteria for facilities, teaching staff, and library and laboratory facilities.Approval must be reaffirmed for all institutions each year and institutions can be de-affiliated. Guidelines of Ministry of Education Human resource development is at the core of Bangladeshs development efforts and admission charge to quality education is critical to poverty reduction and economic development. The Government is move to undertaking structural reforms that are expected to bring significant improvements in the education sector. Bangladeshs commitment to education has been clearly stated in its Constitution and development plans with education cosmos given the highest priority in the public sector investments.Education sector allocations are currently about 2. 3 percent of GDP and 14 percent of total government expenditure. maintaining this commitment to the education sector is imperative in order to achieve Education for All (EFA) and the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). The management of the education system falls under two ministries the Ministry of Primary and Mass Education (MoPME, responsible for primary education and mass literacy) and the Ministry of Education (MoE, responsible for secondary, vocational and tertiary education).Overall there are more than than 17 million students at the primary level, and over 8. 0 million at the secondary level. Enrolments at the tertiary level are relatively small but growing very rapidly. Bangladesh has made significant progress, especially in regard to increasing access and gender equity, both at primary and secondary levels. Gross primary enrollment rates rose from 90 percent in the late 1990s to 98 percent in 2003, while a corresponding increase in enrollment rates at the secondary level rise to 44 percent.Gender parity in access to primary and secondary education has also been achieved. These achievements are particularly spectacular when compared to countries in the South Asia region and other countries at similar levels of per-capita income. The Government is strongly committed to alleviating the existing problems in respect of management and quality through reforms across the education system. At the primary level, MoPME is supported by a multi-donor group through the Primary Education Development Program II (PEDP II), which aims to strengthen educational access, quality and efficiency. In order to address issues at the secondary and higher levels, MoE has create a medium-term framework for the secondary education sub-sector, focusing on quality improvements, policy measures and specific actions needed to reform the system. Th e development of this medium-term framework has benefited from an extensive range of mountains of consultations and workshops with stakeholders at the central, district, and upazila levels.The main objective of reforms being proposed is to address systemic governance issues aimed at raising the quality and cost-effectiveness of service delivery, and improve equity of access in secondary education. MoE is aiming to move towards a devolved system of governance in spite of appearance the current administrative structure. In this system the central government provide be responsible for formulating policies, financing, setting quality standards, and monitoring and evaluation etc. , while lower levels of government will be responsible for administering the system.MoE is empowering officials at the district and upazila levels to take greater responsibility in monitoring school performance and ensure public disclosure of information (e. g. , SSC passing rates, teacher absenteeism, class sizes, etc. ) related to school quality. To ensure appropriate financial controls, MoE is implementing a Financial Management Reform Program (FMRP). This is intended to increase accountability and transparency in the use of resources Main laws governing education in BangladeshThe legal basis for higher education is complicated, with some laws deriving from colonial time sand others from the Pakistan era. There may be fundamental change in the governance and administration of higher education in the near future (World Bank, 1999b). Currently, the universities have autonomy (by the parliamentary acts) to work within the UGC-given parameters, and the same is true for degree colleges under the NU. Public Universities Ordinance (1973) is the governance framework for public universities in Bangladesh.This order dictates the selection procedures for the 4 statutory bodies of the university syndicate, senate, academic and finance councils and this is sometimes seen as the root cause of m uch of the politicization of the public university campuses. University Law (1993) grants considerable autonomy to individual public universities. Non-Governmental (Private) Universities Act (1992) (Amended 1998, 2002 and in 2010) This Act regulates the establishment of private universities in Bangladesh. Major Initiatives taken by the MinistryEducation Commission 2003 submitted its report in March 2004 and GOB has initiated actions to review and prioritize its 880 recommendations concerning each stream and level of education. Actually many of the recommendations made by the Education Commission are already in the process of implementation and many are in the pipeline for implementation. Some of the actions are taken in this respect are described below Government has enacted Primary Education (Compulsory) Law in 1990 to achieve the universal primary enrolment by 2005 More then 98% of secondary schools are non-government.But Government pays 90% of the teacher and staff salary of th ese institutions Bangladesh has sustained increased government allocation in education sector from the 1990s Government is currently providing subsidies to create demand for education in favor of the poor and girls Government has initiated the decentralization of primary and secondary education management structure Government has established an autonomous Nongovernmental Secondary Teachers Registration and software documentationAuthority in order to recruit qualified and trained teachers in secondary level institutions A large project for the improvement of teaching quality at the secondary level institutions is underway A new apex body named National Teachers Training Authority by restructuring existing National honorary society for Education Management (NAEM) is on card. This proposed institution would train both public and private sector teachers from 2005/06 Reorganization of National Curriculum and Textbook Board (NCTB) has also started with the objective to separate fu nctions of the Board into two units, e. . , curriculum and textbook. This would enhance competition in textbook production and publishing and enable Board to concentrate on curriculum development A separate entity named Independent Textbook Evaluation Committee (ITEC) has been established for designing transparent criteria under which individual textbook manuscripts will be evaluated Privatization of textbook production and publication has already started for grades 6 to 10.Publication of all textbooks at the secondary level will be privatized by 2007 An Accreditation Council is being established which would function as a watchdog over the private universities in order to monitor the teaching standard of universities Major Reforms Undertaken by the Government Introduction of unitrack curriculum in secondary level education from 2006 School based assessment (SBA) in secondary level education Reform of existing examination systems in secondary level education Privatization of T extbook Writing and Publication Re-organization of Managing Committee/Governing Body of the Non-Government Educational Institutions Formation of Oversight Committee for Supervision of Teaching at Classrooms Sanction of MPO on the basis of performance of educational institutions Strengthening of Teachers Training Delivery of Textbooks to the Students on Time Development and modernisation of Secondary, Technical and Madrasha Curricula Retirement and Welfare Fund for Non-Government Teachers Establishment of 10 Foreign Language Centers Distribution of 20000 computers in secondary level educational institutions including Madrashas Training of secondary level teachers in computer applications Restructuring of Directorate of Secondary and Higher Education Restructuring of National Academy for Education Management (NAEM) Restructuring of Personnel of Boards of Intermediate and Secondary Education (Dhaka, Rajshahi, Chittagong, Jessore, Barisal, Comilla, Sylhet) and NCTB Government Education PolicyIn order to maintain a modern, scientific and effective education system, Bangladesh Government attaches highest priority to the improvement of education sector. With this objective, the Government of Bangladesh had established several Education Commissions and Committees since the independence of the country. Despite repeated demands from professionals and from wider society, a comprehensive statement of the national education policy or long term strategy for education for Bangladesh has historically been elusive.In terms of higher education, the sector has grown in an ad hoc manner (especially the private sector), without reference to national development goals in terms of numbers of graduates, quality of provision, or subject relevance. However, in recent years the government has increased its investment in education services, whilst also encouraging greater private investment at all levels of the sector. It also introduced a National Education Policy (NEP) in 20 00.The government sees the education sector as crucial to its overall national socio-economic development for the labor market, developing the research base, and for facilitating knowledge transfer. The Fifth Five Year Plan (1997-2002), and the National Education Policy (NEP), 2000, under the Awami League government (1996-2001), made important recommendations concerning the development of higher education in Bangladesh. However, with a change of government in October 2001, the necessity of the NEP are uncertain, although indications suggest that they are so far following the recommendations of the NEP.

Comparison Between Chinese and American Food Culture

Lee Hiu Man Instructor Wynn ESLG 1001 29 November 2012 Comparison of Chinese and Western nutrient Culture Food is closely related to great deals lives and it is considered the approximately heavy element in Chinese ending. Chinese fodder is famous all over the world too. American Chinese cuisine differs significantly from the tralatitiousistic Chinese cuisine and even though the variation in taste can be so it is still attractive to many an(prenominal) people. When it comes to food, Chinese people always c are about the color, taste, smell and shape of Chinese dishes.In 1784, a group of passengers on the ship Empress of china became the first Americans to land in mainland China and they were also the first group of people to eat Chinese food it was the first time the American palate encountered eastern cuisine(Coe 45). in that respect are many discriminations in food culture between China and the United States. Strong differences exist regarding cooking methods, ingredi ents, desserts and cutlery. There are many cooking methods in Chinese food and it may be confusing by terms such as saute, marinade, stir-fry and deep-fry especially for someone new to Chinese food (Travel China Guide).Boiling is the most common form of Chinese cooking Chinese boiling means cooking food in boiling water. It wastes fuel. It does not cook the food any faster and it t completions to make the food break up and so spoils the appearance. Frying is divided into deep-frying, slippery-frying, quick-frying, and several types of stir-frying this method mainly deals with vegetables. One cooking method that American dishes seldom practise is steaming. It is a kind of slow process and time consuming.Chinese cooking uses two methods of steaming, which are basic steaming(zheng) and placing one tightly-closed pot in spite of appearance a larger pot(steaming dun) (Lee 3). The product is usually very soft because the pot is half-immersed in boiling water for two to trine hours. One of the famous traditional Chinese foods is Chinese rice dumplings and it is made of glutinous rice stuffed with different fillings and wrapped in bamboo leaves. On the other hand, the cooking methods in American cuisine were affected by the European countries (Cuban Cuisine, 1).Grilling meats and spit roasting over a pit fire are both common even today. Americans use barbecue smokers to cook chicken, pork and corn. Frying is the most common in Western countries because almost every famous dish is related to frying. Examples include hot up chicken, French fries, burgers and fries, etc. Local families in America analogous to do baking, which is generally applied to breads, lasagna, manicotti, pastries and other sweet confections. There is a big difference between Chinese and American cooking methods. One is mainly concentrated on the color, smell and shape.The other is always speedy, convenient and cheap. Secondly, the ingredients in Chinese and American food are different. Chinese cuisine involves rice, flour, beans, and vegetables. American cuisine is relatively simple and mainly includes meat, bread and vegetables. For the Chinese one, most dishes include rice, because it is the main grade of many Asian countries and is used in almost every capacity. Not only steamed rice, but rice paper and noodles can be include in a meal. Second, tofu is very much used in vegetarian meals, because it is high in protein.It is used heavily in regions with a tradition of Buddhism. Third, sauces are important to flavor rice and stir-fry. Soy sauce, oyster sauce, black bean sauce, and fish sauces are easy to keep on hand (Yang 3). Rice is a major staple food for people from rice farming areas in southern China and Chinese people always use rice to produce by-products like vinegars and wines (Mashpedia, 3). Noodles are important to Chinese people too and they usually come dry or fresh in a variety of sizes, shapes and textures and are often served in soups or fried as topp ings.Some varieties such asShou Mian are literally noodles of longevity, are symbolic of long life and good health harmonize to Chinese tradition. Noodles can be served hot or coolness with different toppings and broth. On the other hand, a part of the American food is based on traditional German dishes such as hot dogs and hamburgers (Wynn 3). Pre-packaged American meals tend to be high in carbohydrates, fat, sodium, and non-homogeneous preservatives. However, they also tend to be vitamin fortified.Examples of pre-packed American meals include variouscasseroletype dishes such asHamburger Helper, as well as bakeable and microwaveable foods such asHot Pockets, frozen pizzas, frozen burritos, and various types ofTV dinnermeals (Cuisine of the United States Research Materials, 3). About the desserts in these two countries, Chinese desserts are sweet foods and dishes that are served withtea, on with meals or at the end of meals in Chinese cuisine. Chinese candies and sweets, calledta ngare usually made with cane sugar, malt sugar, honey, nuts and fruit.Gao or Guoare rice based snacks that are typically steamedand may be made from glutinous or normal rice. Ice creamis commonly available throughout China. Another cold dessert is calledbaobing, which isshaved icewith sweet syrup. Chinese jellies are known collectively in the language asices. Many jelly desserts are traditionally set with agar and are flavored with fruits, thoughgelatinbased jellies are also common in contemporary desserts (Zickler 5). Chinese dessert soups typically lie down of sweet and usually hot soupsand custards.For the American desserts, there are a wide variety of choices like cakes, cookies, biscuits, gelatins and pastries and most of them are considered as sweet and greasy. illustrious ones like apple pies, cupcakes, caramels and chocolate brownies are customary desserts for Americans compared with Chinese as they viewed it as a part of the meal. Lastly, the cutleries that are used in Ch inese and American food are different also. Chinese people use chopsticks to eat food. Americans use knives and forks to do dining.Chopsticks convey the concept of harmony in Chinese culture (The Cross-Cultural Rhetoric Blog). In ancientwritten Chinese, the character for chopsticks was ?. Although ? may have been widely used in ancient spoken Chinese, its use was at long last replaced by the pronunciation for the character ? meaning quick. The original character, though still commonly used in writing, is rarely used in juvenile spoken Chinese languages, which maintains the old usage. Knives and forks are kind of promoting the independence, freedom and violence.Due to its role as humankinds first tool, certain cultures have attached spiritual and religious importation to the knife. It has impact of the concept of peoples lives knife and fork will necessarily bring about eating apart and chopsticks share dinner with the family members gather around a table. The major items of cutl ery in theWestern worldare theknife,forkandspoon. In recent times, utensils have been made combining the functionality of pairs of cutlery, including thespork(spoon / fork),spife(spoon / knife), andknork(knife / fork) or thesporfwhich is all three (Attards, 2).Actually, chopsticks are commonly used in Chinese, Japanese and Korean dishes but it is generally believed to have originated in ancient China. To conclude, there are a bet of differences between Chinese and American food culture and they are a part of human civilization. It is great for everyone to know the food that people would like to eat, cooking method and also ingredients between two countries. Even if there are some differences between Chinese food and Western-style food, they can still get along harmoniously. For example Chinese food of U. S. A. s suitable for Americans taste, because through Americans improvement similarly, the Western-style food of China is more suitable for Chinese taste, because through the Chine se improvement. There is a folk adage in China If want to conquer your heart, I will conquer your stomach first. It can clearly press out the importance of food in Chinese culture. Works Cited Helen Wang. Cooking Methods in Chinese Cuisine. Chinese Cooking Tips. Chinese Food DIY Fall 2009. Web. Nov. 17 2012 Giblin, pack Cross. From hand to mouth How we invented knives, forks, spoons and chopsticks, & the manners to go with them.New York Crowell, 1987. put out Knoblauch, Mark. Chop Suey A Cultural History Of Chinese Food In The United States. Booklist 106. 1 22, 2009. Print Lv, Nan, and J Lynne Brown. Chinese American Family Food Systems Impact Of Western Influences. Journal Of Nutrition Education And Behavior 42. 2 106-114, 2010. Print Richard Pillsbury. No Foreign Food The American Diet in Time and Place, Westview Press, 1998. Print Peter Zickler. Askives. What is common Chinese desserts Web, Nov. 16, 2012

Samsung Introduction

Founded Samsung Introduction-2 Important points, 1970s subsidized, In 1938, Samsung began as a small business trading upraise and consumer goods. Almost 70 years later, Samsung has transformed itself into a world(prenominal) powerhouse whose superior products and services outright range from semiconductors and LNG ships to fine chemicals and financial services, just to name a few. 1938-1970 Samsung Beginning On March 1, 1938, substructure chairman Byung-Chull Lee started a business in Taegu, Korea with 30,000 won (South Korean currency).At prototypal, Mr. Lees little business was mainly in trade export, selling dried Korean fish, vegetables, and fruit to Manchuria and Beijing. But in just everyplace a decade, SAMSUNG meaning literally three stars in Korean would have its own flour mill around and confecti onenessry machines, its own manufacturing and sales operations, and ultimately become the roots of the modern world(prenominal) corporation that lock away bears the same name today. 969-SAMSUNG-Sanyo Electronics established (Renamed SAMSUNG Electro-Mechanics in March 1975 and merged with SAMSUNG Electronics in March 1977) 1969-SAMSUNG Electronics Manufacturing in corporeald (Renamed SAMSUNG Electronics in February 1984) 1970-1980 Samsung Industrial Era Throughout the 1970s, SAMSUNG laid the strategic foundations for its early growth by investing in the heavy, chemical, and petrochemical industries.The gilds min Five-Year Management Plan, announced in August 1973, targeted these industries and also introduced SAMSUNG to the shipbuilding industry Another conk out of growth for SAMSUNG came from the burgeoning home electronics business. SAMSUNG Electronics, already a major manufacturer in the domestic (Korean) market, began to export its products for the first magazine during this period. Another significant development was SAMSUNGs 1974 acquisition of a 50 percent stake in Korea semiconductor device, unless consolidate SAMSUNG Electronics reign as a leader in semiconductor manufacturing. 980-1990 Entering the spherical technology marketplace The late 70s and early 80s represented a time of increase diversification and global growth for Samsungs core technology businesses. In 1978, SAMSUNG Semiconductor and SAMSUNG Electronics became separate entities as new products were introduced to the global market. SAMSUNG Precision Company (established in 1977) laid the foundation in another high-tech industry aerospace.Renamed SAMSUNG Aerospace Industries in February 1987 (now known as SAMSUNG Techwin), SAMSUNG has been developing its aerospace capabilities with unprecedented speed ever since. Future plans include the development of future space stations and even space facilities for the Moon and Mars in the early 21st century. SAMSUNGs increasing focus on technology led to another key development in the mid-80s with the creation of the companys devil Research & Development institutes, SAMSUNG Economic Research Institute (SE RI) in 1986.SAMSUNG Advanced Institute of engineering science (SAIT) in 1987. Together, these two pioneering R&D organizations have helped SAMSUNG expand its reach even further into electronics, semiconductors, high polymer chemicals, genetic engineering, optical telecommunications, aerospace and new fields of technology innovation from nanotechnology to advanced network architectures. On November 19, 1987, SAMSUNGs founding Chairman Byung-Chull Lee passed away after almost fifty years at the maneuver of the company. His son, Kun-Hee Lee succeeded him as the new Chairman.On the 50th anniversary of SAMSUNGs founding in 1988, he announced the bit Foundation of the company, directing SAMSUNGs growth towards becoming a world-class 21st century corporation. For this Second Foundation, SAMSUNG challenged itself to restructure old businesses and enter new ones with the aim of becoming one of the worlds top five electronics companies. The merger of SAMSUNG Electronics and SAMSUNG Sem iconductor & Telecommunications was un distrustedly a key strategic implication in the progress towards this goal.For the first time in the groups history, SAMSUNG was now in a position to maximize its technological resources and develop value-added products. 1990-1997 Leaping onto the globose Stage New management Era New Management is more than a mere re-engineering of SAMSUNG moreover rather an entire revolution dedicated to making world-class products, providing total customer satisfaction, and being a good corporate citizen. In retrospect, New Management was a decisive turning point for SAMSUNG, the moment when the entire company was repositioned on the basis of Quality first. During this period, 17 different products from semiconductors to computer monitors, TFT-LCD screens to color consider tubes leaped into the ranks of the top five products for global market share in their respective areas. There is no doubt that part of SAMSUNGs success in these areas is due to its rigorous enforcement of quality control at all its plants across the world.? Thanks to the Line Stop system, any employee can shut down the assembly line when substandard products are discovered.Production is simply halted until the problem is solved. SAMSUNG also adheres to the Six Sigma concept of total quality management. 1997-2000 Digital verge 1997 was a dark year for nearly all of Korea. That year, nearly all companies in Korea shrank. SAMSUNG was no exception. The company restructured by reducing the number of its affiliated companies to 45, decreasing personnel by almost 50,000, and better the wiseness of its financial structure.Although the news was bleak, SAMSUNG was one of the few companies able to continue growing thanks to its leadership in digital and network technologies, and its steady concentration on electronics, finances, and related services. 2000-Present Pioneering the Digital Age With the start of the second millennium, SAMSUNG begins its second century. The digital age has brought revolutionary opportunities and changes to global business. The SAMSUNG Group has responded to these changes and is currently upgrading its business structure, management perspective, and corporate culture to meet global standards.Our commitment of being Worlds Best has won us the number one global market share for thirteen of our products. We succeeded in achieving the global competitiveness through continually improving our financial structure and profitability, as we examine the structure of our own organization. The quick pace of our development is reflected in our management philosophy We will devote our human resources and technology to create superior products and services, thereby alter to a better global society.